What is a NEAR RPC Node?
Access sharded blockchain
A NEAR RPC node provides applications with access to a sharded Layer 1 blockchain designed for mass adoption through usability and scalability. NEAR's unique combination of human-readable accounts, low fees, and dynamic sharding makes it ideal for applications targeting mainstream users rather than crypto-natives.
Why sharding matters
Traditional blockchains hit scalability limits — every validator processes every transaction. Sharding divides the network into parallel chains (shards), with each shard processing transactions independently. NEAR's Nightshade sharding enables infinite scalability by dynamically adding shards as demand grows.
NEAR advantages:
- Dynamic sharding — infinite scalability
- Human accounts — alice.near instead of 0x...
- 1-2s finality — near-instant confirmation
- Low fees — ~$0.001 per transaction
- User friendly — built for mainstream adoption
- Developer friendly — JavaScript contracts
Nightshade sharding
Nightshade is NEAR's sharding mechanism where the blockchain is divided into multiple shards, each processing transactions in parallel. Unlike static sharding, Nightshade dynamically adjusts shard count based on network load. This enables the network to scale from thousands to potentially millions of TPS as adoption grows.
How NEAR sharding works:
- Network divided into parallel shards
- Each shard processes transactions independently
- Validators assigned to specific shards
- Cross-shard communication via receipts
- Shards added/removed based on demand
User experience focus
NEAR prioritizes usability over crypto-native features. Human-readable account names (alice.near), progressive onboarding, extremely low fees, and built-in account recovery make NEAR accessible to mainstream users. The Aurora EVM layer enables Ethereum developers to deploy Solidity contracts, bridging both ecosystems.
This user-first approach positions NEAR as infrastructure for applications targeting billions, not just crypto users.